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She is set to launch a Green Deal policy package to tackle climate change, trumpeting the plan to raise 100 billion euros for the initiative as the bloc's "man on the moon moment".
Ursula's first major proposal since taking office on Dec. 1 will commit the EU to achieving carbon neutrality by 2050.
Her proposal will feed into a discussion on Thursday among leaders of member states, but is likely to run into resistance from coal-dependent Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic.
"Today is the start of a journey. But this is Europe's man on the moon moment," von der Leyen told journalists before taking her climate pitch to the European Parliament.
"The European Green Deal is very ambitious, but it will also be very careful in assessing the impact and everything single step we're taking," she said.
Global concern about climate change has mounted in recent months after heatwaves, droughts and wildfires that scientists say have been exacerbated by rising temperatures.
Teenage climate activist Greta Thunberg has triggered a global youth-led protest movement against world leaders for their perceived inaction on climate change.
At a U.N. climate summit in Madrid, Thunberg accused political and business leaders on Wednesday of looking for loopholes to polish their image over the fight for the climate.
The EU Green Deal will enshrine the 2050 climate neutrality goal in law, binding member states to adhere to it.
Von der Leyen has pledged to work for a more ambitious 2030 target, to cut emissions by at least 50% of 1990 levels over the next decade. The target now is for a 40% cut.
A key component of von der Leyen's plan is a so-called Just Transition Fund, a mechanism of at least 35 billion euros that would support "regions most exposed to decarbonisation challenge," according to an internal document seen by Reuters.
Von der Leyen said the Commission wants to mobilise 100 billion euros worth of investment to help the bloc's economies pay for transition away from fossil fuels.
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